年5月CATTI一口真題詳解 漢譯英1
本段來自李克強總理在羅馬聯合國糧農組織會議上的講話，專業詞彙比較多，需要應試者更多地關心中國目前的政策,及時補充詞彙。另外，有些習語和比喻的翻譯方法也是值得學習的。
家庭農業這個主題，既立足現實，又着眼長遠。依靠家庭農業解決吃飯問題，符合中國實際。中國先哲說過：“民以食爲天，食以糧爲本”，這是中國人一直奉行的理念。大家都知道，中國人口多、人均耕地少，讓十幾億人民吃飽飯，是我們最大的事情，也曾經是最大的難題。中國的農村改革，成功解決了人民的溫飽問題。其中一條最基本的經驗，就是發展家庭農業。
I think this theme of family farming is based on realities and focuses on the future as well, and it charts a bright future of global agricultural development. Ensuring adequate food supply for the people through family farming also suits China's realities. China's philosophers said, food is the first necessity of the people, and grains is the basis of food, and this is also what the Chinese have always believed in. As is known to all, China has a huge population but low per-capita arable land availability. To feed the over one billion Chinese people is our top priority and was once the biggest challenge we had to face. China’s reform at the rural area successfully resolved the subsistence issue of the people. And a piece of most fundamental experience we got was to develop family farming.
推行家庭承包經營制度，把農戶確立爲農業經營的主體，賦予農民長期而有保障的土地使用權和經營自主權，幾億農民的生產積極性迅速調動起來，短短几年農業生產就邁上一個大臺階。幾億人擺脫了貧困，並提前達到聯合國千年發展目標。中國家庭農業不斷煥發出新的活力，也與科技、政策、創新密不可分。我們建立了一整套農業科技推廣體系，大面積推廣優良品種、農業機械，推廣環境控制農業。僅雜交水稻一項，每年就帶來數千萬噸的增產。我們大力鼓勵農民合作社、鼓勵發展專業農戶、支持企業公司以及政府服務組織等，爲農民提供農業機械作業、農產品加工流通等服務。
Through this reform, rural households became the mainstay of farming and farmers were given long-term and guaranteed land use right and operational independence, thus rapidly unleashing the enthusiasm of hundreds of millions of farmers for production and giving scope to the capabilities of individual farmers. As a result, agricultural production made huge headway in just a few years. Building on that, hundreds of millions of people have been lifted out of poverty and the UN Millennium Development Goals have been reached ahead of schedule. We also owe the constant new vigor in China's family farming over the past 30-plus years to innovation in science, technology and relevant policies. We have established a whole system for disseminating agricultural science and technology and extensively promoted quality varieties, agricultural machinery as well as controlled-environment agriculture. Hybrid rice alone has increased annual output by tens of millions of tons in China. We greatly encourage farmers' cooperatives, specialized farming households, businesses and government service organizations to provide farmers with services in terms of agricultural machinery and the processing and distribution of agricultural produce.
第三段：每年都有數十萬臺農業機械像候鳥一樣，在中國大地上往返遷徙。當小麥成熟的時候，大批聯合收割機一路由南往北，追趕着季節，爲農民提供小麥收割服務，既解決了農民家庭機械作業的難題，也提高了農業機械的使用效率。中國政府還不斷增加農業投入，改進農業基礎設施、突破農業生產技術瓶頸，增強抵禦自然災害和病蟲害的能力。中國家庭農業的發展，目前面臨規模過小的制約，平均每戶只有半公頃的耕作面積。要更大規模提高農產品產量和質量，必須適度擴大經營規模，提高勞動生產率、土地產出率，走農業現代化之路。
Every year, hundreds of thousands of agricultural machines are taken to different parts of China to serve agricultural seasons, like birds that migrate back and forth with the seasons. When wheat ripens, an army of combined harvesters would advance from the south to the north of China, helping farmers with wheat harvesting. This not only provides much-needed agricultural machinery to rural households, but also helps raise efficiency in the use of farming machines. The Chinese government is still increasing input in agriculture to support agricultural infrastructure and improve production conditions. In so doing, the agriculture can break its technological bottleneck and become more resilient against natural disaster and further development of China's family farming is still constrained by its small scale, as each household only has an arable land of about half a hectare. To improve the yields and quality of agricultural products, we must appropriately expand operational scale, enhance labor productivity and land output and follow the path of agricultural modernization.
