如何防範手機黑客，教您幾個妙招

The government hack of an iPhone used by a San Bernardino killer serves as a reminder that phones and other electronic devices aren't impenetrable vaults.
政府僱傭黑客成功破解聖貝納迪諾案件殺手的iPhone數據的案例，警醒我們，手機和其他電子設備並不像銀行金庫那樣安全可靠，牢不可破。

While most people aren't targets of the NSA, FBI or a foreign government, hackers are looking to steal the financial and personal information of ordinary people.
雖然大多數人的金融賬戶和個人信息並非國家安全局、聯邦調查局，或外國政府的調查目標，但卻時刻可能成爲黑客的竊取對象。

Your phone stores more than just selfies. Your email account on the phone, for instance, is a gateway to resetting banking and other sensitive passwords.
您的手機中不僅存有自拍，還有許多其他關鍵信息。例如，黑客可通過電子郵箱賬戶，重置您的銀行賬戶密碼和其他敏感密碼。

Like washing your hands and brushing your teeth, a little 'cyber hygiene' can go a long way toward preventing disaster.
“網絡清潔”雖然是不起眼的小事，但就像洗手和刷牙一樣，可以爲您省去大麻煩。

LOCK YOUR PHONE WITH A PASSCODE
使用鎖屏密碼

Failing to do so is like leaving your front door unlocked.
手機不設密碼鎖，就像家裏沒人、門戶大開一樣，毫無安全可言。

A four-digit passcode - and an accompanying self-destruct feature that might wipe a phone's data after too many wrong guesses - stumped the FBI for weeks and forced them to bring in outside help.
別小看這一串四位數密碼，輸錯太多次的話，手機就會自動抹掉數據。連FBI調查員都被這難倒，不得不請外援幫助。

Using six digits makes a passcode 100 times harder to guess.
六位密碼要比四位密碼難猜100倍。

And if you want to make it even harder, you can add letters and other characters to further increase the number of possible combinations.
如果想讓密碼更難猜，可以添加些字母或其他字符，這會進一步降低猜中機率，增加破解難度。

These are options on both iPhones and Android.
iPhone和安卓手機都有這些選項。

The iPhone's self-destruct feature is something you must turn on in the settings, under Touch ID & Passcode.
要打開iPhone的數據自動銷燬功能，你可以在設置裏面的Touch ID & Passcode選項下操作。

Do so, and the phone wipes itself clean after 10 failed attempts. But the 10 attempts apply to your guesses, too, if you forget your passcode, or if your kids start randomly punching in numbers. Android has a similar feature.
這樣設置以後，輸錯密碼10次，手機就會自動抹掉數據。但是，如果您真忘記了密碼，或者熊孩子隨手亂按數字，手機也會在密碼輸錯10次後自動銷燬數據。安卓系統也有類似的功能。

Both systems will also introduce waiting periods after several wrong guesses to make it tough to try all combos.
密碼輸錯幾次後，iPhone和安卓系統都會進入停用模式，所以很難再繼續試密碼。

Biometrics, such as fingerprint scanners, can act as a shortcut and make complex passcodes less of a pain.
我們還能通過指紋驗證等生物識別技術，方便快捷地進行驗證，免去輸入密碼的麻煩。

USE ENCRYPTION
使用加密功能

Much to the FBI's displeasure, iPhones running at least iOS 8 offer full-disk encryption by default.
更讓聯邦調查局頭疼的是，iPhone從iOS8系統版本開始，默認爲全磁盤提供加密功能。

That means that the information stored on the phone can't be extracted - by authorities or by hackers - and read on another computer.
這意味着，無論政府或者黑客，都無法在另一臺電腦上讀取手機所儲存的信息。

If the phone isn't unlocked first, any information obtained would be scrambled and unreadable.
如果手機沒有被解鎖，從中獲取的任何信息都是不可讀的亂碼。

With Android, however, you typically have to turn that on in the settings.
對於安卓系統，你得在設置中開啓加密功能。

Google's policy requires many phones with the latest version of Android, including its own Nexus phones, to offer encryption by default.
針對默認加密服務，谷歌的政策要求手機安裝最新安卓系統，包括谷歌自己的Nexus手機，內附加密升級版軟件。

But, according to Google, only 2.3 percent of active Android devices currently are running that version.
但據谷歌數據統計，目前只有2.3%的安卓活躍用戶在使用該版本。

SET UP DEVICE FINDERS
設置手機尋找功能

Find My iPhone isn't just for finding your phone in the couch cushions.
“查找我的iPhone”功能並不是在沙發墊上找手機那麼簡單。

If your device disappears, you can put it in Lost Mode. That locks your screen with a passcode, if it isn't already, and lets you display a custom message with a phone number to help you get it back.
如果手機不見了，您可以通過密碼將其設置成丟失模式，鎖定手機。鎖定前，您還可以在自己的iPhone上顯示用來取得聯繫的電話號碼，幫助找回手機。

The app comes with iPhones, but you need to set it up before you lose your phone. Look for the Find iPhone app in the Extras folder.
雖然這項應用程序是iPhone自帶的，但是你得在手機丟失前設置好。打開Extras文件夾，即可找到Find iPhone應用。

Meanwhile, Activation Lock makes it harder for thieves to sell your device.
與此同時，有了激活鎖定功能，小偷也很難將贓物賣出。

The phone becomes unusable - it can't be reactivated - without knowing its Apple ID. The feature kicks in automatically on phones running at least iOS 7.
不知道蘋果賬戶的ID和密碼，就無法重新激活使用手機。iOS7系統版本以上的iPhone都自帶這項功能。

If all else fails, you can remotely wipe the phone's data.
如果上述嘗試都已失敗，那麼您只好遠程抹掉手機數據。

While your information will be lost, at least it won't end up in the hands of a nefarious person.
哪怕手機信息全沒了，也比落在壞人手裏強。

There isn't anything comparable built into Android phones, but Google's Android Device Manager app, along with a handful of others made by third parties, can be downloaded for free from the Google Play app store.
雖然安卓系統目前沒有類似功能，但谷歌的“安卓設備管理器”應用和第三方出品的一些其他軟件也能發揮一定作用。這些應用可從谷歌官方電子市場免費下載。

BACK UP YOUR PHONE
備份手機數據

If you do have to remotely wipe the phone's data, it's comforting to know that you won't lose all your photos and other important data.
備份的好處令人欣慰，就算您不得不抹掉手機數據，也不會丟光照片和其他重要數據。

It's helpful, too, if your toddler dunks your phone in a glass of water.
熊孩子把你手機泡在一杯水裏的時候，備份也派得上用場。

As mentioned before, apps such as Find My iPhone and Android Device Manager will allow you to do this, provided you set them up ahead of time.
如上所述，在事先備份的前提下，您可以通過“查找我的iPhone”和“安卓設備管理器”等應用恢復備份數據。

KEEP YOUR SOFTWARE UP TO DATE
更新軟件

Software updates often contain fixes to known flaws that might give hackers a way into your device.
軟件更新是爲了修復舊版本中的缺陷和漏洞，將黑客入侵您手機設備的可能性降到最低。

On iPhones, Apple prompts you to get the update. Alternatively, you can go to Settings, General and Software Update to check which version you are running.
iPhone會自動提醒您更新系統。或者，您也可以通過“設置”-“通用”-“軟件更新”欄目查看自己正使用的版本。

It's more complicated with Android because updates need to go through various phone manufacturers and wireless carriers first. But do install updates when asked.
安卓系統的更新情況更爲複雜，因爲更新數據需要通過多家手機制造商和無線運營商完成。即便如此，也請在系統要求時更新軟件。

This also applies to apps. Keep them updated to make sure bugs and flaws can't be exploited.
這一建議同樣適用於各種應用。務必保持更新，以防錯誤和漏洞被不法分子所利用。

Vocabulary

encryption: 加密；加密術
by default: 默認情況下
nefarious: 邪惡的；窮兇極惡的；不法的