男性不得不瞭解的十大健康問題

If you take better care of your car or favorite gadget than your body, you aren’t alone. According to the Men’s Health Network, a lack of awareness, weak health education, and unhealthy work and personal lifestyles have caused a steady deterioration of the well-being of American men.

大多數人都會很好的照顧自己的車和其他喜歡的小玩意，而忽略了自己的身體也需要照顧。根據男性健康網絡所述，缺乏健康意識、健康教育薄弱、不健康的工作和個人生活方式導致了美國男性健康狀況的持續惡化。

Visit your medical provider to learn how you can reduce your risk of common conditions facing men, such as cancer, depression, heart disease, and respiratory diseases.

你可以去醫療公司或者醫院進行檢查和諮詢，進而瞭解如何減少你正在面臨的風險，如癌症、抑鬱、心臟病和呼吸系統疾病。

HEART HEALTH

心臟健康

Heart disease comes in many forms. All of its forms can lead to serious, fatal complications if undetected. The American Heart Association states that more than one in three adult men have some form of cardiovascular disease. African-American men account for 100,000 more cardiovascular disease deaths than Caucasian men.

心臟病有多種形式，如果不及時發現，它的所有形式都可能導致嚴重的致命的併發症。美國心臟協會表示，超過三分之一的成年人患有某種心血管疾病。非裔美國人的心血管疾病死亡人數比白人男性多10萬人。

COPD and other respiratory diseases

慢性阻塞性肺病和其他呼吸系統疾病。

Many respiratory diseases start with an innocent “smoker’s cough.” Over time, that cough can lead to life-threatening conditions, such as lung cancer, emphysema, or COPD. All of these conditions interfere with your ability to breathe.

許多呼吸系統疾病都是從看似無辜的“吸菸者的咳嗽”開始的。隨着時間的推移，這種咳嗽會導致危及生命的疾病，如肺癌、肺氣腫或慢性阻塞性肺病。所有這些情況都會影響你的呼吸能力。

If you have smoked for more than 30 years, a low-dose CT scan maybe prudent to screen for lung cancer.

如果你吸菸超過30年，低劑量的CT掃描可能會對肺癌篩查有幫助。

Alcohol: Friend or foe?

酒精：朋友還是敵人?

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), men face higher rates of alcohol-related deaths and hospitalizations than women do. Men binge drink twice as much as women. They are also prone to increased aggression and sexual assault against women.

根據美國疾病控制與預防中心(CDC)的數據，男性與酒精相關的死亡和住院的比率要高於女性。男人酗酒的程度是女人的兩倍。同時喝酒的男子還容易對婦女進行施暴和性侵犯。

Alcohol consumption increases your risk for cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus, liver, and colon. Alcohol also interferes with testicular function and hormone production. This can result in impotence and infertility. According to the CDC, men are more likely than women to commit suicide. They also are more likely to have been drinking prior to doing so.

飲酒會增加你患口腔、咽喉、食道、肝臟和結腸癌症的風險。酒精還會干擾睾丸功能和激素分泌。這可能導致陽痿和不育。根據疾病預防控制中心的數據，男性比女性更容易自殺。他們在這樣做之前也更有可能喝酒。

Depression and suicide

抑鬱症和自殺

Researchers at The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) estimate that at least 6 million men suffer from depressive disorders, including suicidal thoughts, annually.

美國國家心理健康研究所(NIMH)的研究人員估計，每年至少有600萬人患有抑鬱症，包括萌生自殺想法。

Unintentional injuries and accidents

意外傷害和事故

The CDC lists unintentional injury as a leading cause of death for men in 2006. This includes drowning, traumatic brain injuries, and fireworks-related mishaps.

美國疾病控制和預防中心將意外傷害列爲2006年男性死亡的主要原因。這包括溺水、腦外傷和與火災有關的事故。

Motor vehicle death rates for male drivers and passengers ages 15 to 19 were almost twice that of females in 2006. Male workers incurred 92 percent of the 5,524 total reported fatal occupational injuries. Remember, safety first.

2006年，年齡在15歲至19歲之間的男性司機和乘客的機動車死亡率幾乎是女性的兩倍。在5524份報告中，男性員工中有92%是致命的職業傷害。記住，安全第一。

Liver disease

肝臟疾病

Your liver is the size of a football. It helps you digest food and absorb nutrients. It also rids your body of toxic substances. Liver disease includes conditions such as: cirrhosis, viral hepatitis, autoimmune or genetic liver diseases

你的肝臟和足球差不多大。它能幫助你消化食物和吸收營養。它還會消除你體內的有毒物質。肝臟疾病包括：肝硬化、病毒性肝炎、自身免疫性或遺傳性肝病。

According to the American Cancer Society, alcohol and tobacco use increases your chance of developing liver disease.

根據美國癌症協會，酒精和菸草的使用會增加你患肝病的機率。

Diabetes

糖尿病

If left untreated, diabetes can lead to nerve and kidney damage, heart disease and stroke, and even vision problems or blindness. Men with diabetes face a risk of lower testosterone levels and sexual impotence. This can lead to increased depression or anxiety.

如果不及時治療，糖尿病會導致神經和腎臟損害、心臟病和中風，甚至出現視力問題，包括失明。患有糖尿病的男性還有睾丸激素水平降低以及性無能的風險，這也會導致抑鬱或焦慮。

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) celebrates today’s “modern man” as someone who is more aware of his blood sugar health. The ADA recommends that men “get out, get active, and get informed.” The best way to control your diabetes is to eat healthy and exercise. If you have a family history of diabetes, it is important to see your doctor to have periodic screenings for diabetes.

美國糖尿病協會因“現代人”更瞭解自己的血糖健康狀況而感到欣慰。《美國殘疾人法》建議男性“外出、積極活動、並獲得相關訊息。”“控制糖尿病最好的方法就是健康的飲食並適當的運動。”如果你有糖尿病家族史，重要的是要讓你的醫生定期檢查糖尿病。

Influenza and pneumonia

流感和肺炎

Influenza and pneumococcal infectionare two leading health risks for men. Men who have compromised immune systems due to COPD, diabetes, congestive heart failure, sickle cell anemia, AIDS, or cancer are more susceptible to these illnesses.

流感和肺炎球菌感染是男性的兩大健康風險。那些患有慢性阻塞性肺病、糖尿病、充血性心力衰竭、鐮狀細胞性貧血、艾滋病或癌症的免疫系統受損的男性更容易患上這些疾病。

Men are about 25 percent more likely to die from these diseases than women, according to the American Lung Association. To prevent against influenza and pneumonia, the American Lung Association recommends vaccination.

根據美國肺臟協會的數據，男性死於這些疾病的可能性比女性高25%。爲了預防流感和肺炎，美國肺協會推薦接種疫苗。

Skin cancer

皮膚癌

According to the Skin Cancer Foundation, two-thirds of melanoma deaths in 2013 were men. This is more than twice the rate of women. Sixty percent of all melanoma deaths were white men over the age of 50.

根據皮膚癌基金會的數據，2013年有三分之二的黑色素瘤患者是男性。這是女性的兩倍多。60%的黑素瘤死亡是50歲以上的白人男性。

You can help protect against skin cancer by wearing long sleeves and pants, hats with wide brims, sunglasses, and sunscreen when outdoors. You can also lower your risk of skin cancer by avoiding exposure to UV light sources.

在戶外，你可以穿長袖和長褲、寬邊帽、太陽鏡並塗抹防曬霜來預防皮膚癌。你也可以避免暴露在紫外線光源下來降低患皮膚癌的風險。

HIV and AIDS

艾滋病

Men who are infected with HIV may not realize it, as initial symptoms may mimic a cold or flu. As of 2010, men account for 76 percent of people infected with HIV, according to the CDC.

感染了艾滋病毒的男性可能並不會馬上意識到，因爲最初的症狀類似感冒或流感。根據美國疾病控制與預防中心的數據，截至2010年，感染艾滋病毒的人數中其中76%是男性。

The CDC goes on to state that men who have sex with men account for most new and existing HIV infections. African-American men have the highest rate of new HIV infection among all men.

疾病預防控制中心繼續指出，與男性發生性行爲的男性更多的感染了新的和現有的艾滋病毒。在所有男性中，非洲裔美國人的艾滋病毒感染率最高。