研究:女性服用鈣補充劑增加患心臟病風險

More evidence is emerging that women who take calcium supplements to prevent bone deterioration may, in fact, be risking their heart health.
越來越多證據顯示，女性服用鈣補充劑預防骨質惡化，實際上危害到心臟的健康。

But even when added to previous studies with similar findings, the new conclusions don't necessarily mark a death knell for calcium supplements, say the authors of a study released online April 19 in the BMJ.
但即使加上先前研究的相似結果，新的結論也不能標誌鈣補充劑的終止信號，4月19日網上發表在《英國醫學雜誌》一個研究的作者說。

"There is a lack of consensus at the present time as to what recommendations should be regarding the use of calcium supplements," said study senior author Dr. Ian Reid, who fully expected that the new results will have a "significant impact on recommendations."
“關於服用鈣補充品的建議，如今也沒有達成共識。”這項研究的資深作者lan Reid博士稱，他非常希望這些新的結果能“對鈣補充劑的建議有重要作用”。

"Our own recommendation is to critically review the use of calcium supplements, since the data in this paper suggests that they do more harm than good," added Reid, who is professor of medicine and endocrinology at the University of Auckland in New Zealand.
“我們的建議是批判性地檢測鈣補充劑，因爲報道數據顯示出它們利大於弊。”Reid還說，他是新西蘭奧克蘭大學醫學和內分泌學的教授。

"The cautious way forward seems to be to encourage people to obtain their calcium from the diet, rather than from supplements, since food calcium has not been shown to carry this increased risk of heart disease," Reid added.
“早期一個謹慎的方法是鼓勵人們從飲食中獲取鈣，而不是從補充劑中獲取，因爲從食物中獲取的鈣不會增加患心臟病的風險。”Reid稱。

A recent meta-analysis done by the same group of researchers found a 27 to 31 percent increased risk of heart attacks in women taking calcium without vitamin D.
最近同一組研究人員進行的一個元分析表明，女性服用不含維生素D的鈣片患上心臟病的機率增加到27%——30%。

Many older women take calcium supplements with or without vitamin D to keep their bones strong, especially since that has long been standard Medical advice.
許多老年女性服用含維生素D或不含維生素D的鈣補充劑來保持骨骼強壯，尤其當它被認爲是標準的醫學建議開始。

But, as the current authors point out, more than half of the women in that study were already taking their own calcium supplements on top of what they had been prescribed for the trial, which may have clouded the results.
但是，如今作者指出，研究中超過一半的女性除了開給她們試驗的藥，她們已經在服用鈣補充劑，這掩蓋了研究結果。

(恆星英語學習網原創編譯,轉載請註明出處!)For this analysis, the authors looked only at the 16,718 women in the WHI who had not been taking personal calcium supplements before entering the trial.
爲了進行分析，作者們只對婦女健康研究（WHI）中16718名試驗前自己沒有服用鈣補充劑的女性進行觀察。

In this case, women who were randomized to take calcium and vitamin D as part of the study protocol had a modest 13 to 22 percent increased risk of cardiovascular problems, particularly heart attacks. Women in the control arm had no change in risk.
在這個研究中，將女性隨機服用鈣和維生素D作爲研究方案，她們患上心血管疾病尤其是心臟病的風險增加了約13%-20%。有節制服用的女性面臨的風險沒有增加。

The case against calcium became stronger when researchers added in data from 13 other, unpublished trials involving almost 30,000 women. Now the increased risk for heart attack was 25 to 30 percent and, for a stroke, 15 to 20 percent.
研究人員增加其他13個由3萬女性參與的沒有發表的試驗數據後，人們反對鈣補充劑更加強烈。如今，患上心臟病的風險增加到25%-30%，中風增加到15%-20%。

While the authors speculate that an increased risk could be biologically plausible given that calcium is connected with hardening of the arteries, another expert thinks not.
然而作者們覺得增加的風險在生物學上似乎是可信的，他們指出鈣跟動脈硬化有關係，另一名專家卻不這樣認爲。

While calcium does tend to be a marker of inflammation, explained Dr. Philip Houck, assistant professor of internal medicine at Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, "lesions with calcium are actually more stable so there's less of a chance of having a heart attack than in vessels that are less calcified."
儘管鈣可能是炎症的標記，德州農工大學醫藥學院健康科學中心的副教授Philip Houck博士解釋說：“病變的鈣實際上更穩定，所以患上心臟病機率比血管較少鈣化少一點。”

(恆星英語學習網原創編譯,轉載請註明出處!)Moreover, the results may have been statistically significant but that doesn't mean they're clinically significant, he added. "If women have good reason to take calcium because their bones are thin, then they should not be afraid of taking the calcium," said Houck, who is also a cardiologist with Scott & White in Temple, Texas.
此外，這些結果可能有統計意義，但並不意味着有臨牀意義，他還說：“如果女性因爲骨質稀疏這種好的理由而服用鈣片，那麼她們就不應該害怕服用。”Houck說，他跟Scott和White一起是德州坦普爾的心臟病專家。

Dr. Susan V. Bukata, associate professor of orthopaedic surgery at the University of Rochester Medical Center, said that the study really doesn't provide enough information to make a definitive conclusion.
羅切斯特大學醫學中心整形外科副教授Susan ta教授說，此次研究的確沒有提供足夠信息來做出最後結論。

Nevertheless, accumulating evidence has her urging patients to get their calcium from their diet, rather than reflexively telling them to take 1,200 milligrams of calcium a day. "With diet plus a supplement combined, women should be getting 1,000- to 1,500-milligrams a day," she said.
然而，越來越多的證據要求她的病人從飲食中獲取鈣質，而不是條件反射性地告訴她們每天服用1200毫克的鈣。“飲食和補充劑相結合的話，女性每天應保持獲取1000-1500毫克的鈣。”她說。

And in an accompanying journal editorial, medical professors Dr. Bo Abrahamsen and Dr. Opinder Sahota wrote that due to study limitations, "it is not possible to provide reassurance that calcium supplements given with vitamin D do not cause adverse cardiovascular events or to link them with certainty to increased cardiovascular risk. Clearly further studies are needed and the debate remains ongoing."
在雜誌的相關評論上，醫學教授Bo Abrahamsen博士和Opinder Sahota博士寫道，由於研究的侷限性，“不能保證含有維生素D的鈣補充劑不會造成不良的心血管疾病，或理所當然地把它跟增加患上心血管風險聯繫起來。明顯地，需要進一步的研究而且爭論還在繼續。”

(恆星英語學習網原創編譯,轉載請註明出處!)