近20%肺癌病人繼續吸菸

FRIDAY, April 8 (HealthDay News) -- Many Patients diagnosed with lung cancer -- as well as their family caregivers -- continue to smoke even though doing so may jeopardize their recovery and long-term health outcome, says a study sponsored by the U.S. National Cancer Institute.
本週五，4月8日（每日健康新聞）——許多被診斷爲肺癌的患者和他們的看護人繼續吸菸，儘管這樣會危及到他們的康復和長期健康狀況，這是美國國家癌症研究所發起的一項研究稱。

Researchers report that nearly one in five recently diagnosed lung cancer patients continues to light up, which can make them feel guilty or socially stigmatized.
研究人員稱最近診斷患有肺癌的患者中接近1/5繼續吸菸，這使他們感覺內疚或受到社會指責。

The findings point to the need for family support, counseling and medication to help patients and/or family caregivers overcome their addiction and adopt healthy lifestyle choices, said Weaver.
該結果指出需要家庭支持、勸告和藥物治療幫助病人和/或家庭照顧者解除煙癮，選擇健康的生活方式，Weaver說。

The study was recently published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
該研究最近發表在雜誌《癌症流行病學，生物標記與預防》上。

The researchers looked at 742 cancer patients and caregivers at multiple sites and found that 18 percent of smokers with lung cancer failed to quit after their diagnosis. Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer.
研究人員關注多個地方742個癌症患者和照顧者，發現18%的吸菸者被診斷爲肺癌後無法戒菸。吸菸是肺癌的一個主導因素。
Among a subset of smokers with colorectal cancer, which is not strongly associated with tobacco use, 12 percent of the patients continued smoking.
一部分患有結腸直腸癌的吸菸者中，由於這跟吸菸沒有多大關係，所以12%的病人繼續吸菸。來源:恆星英語學習網

An even higher proportion of the patients' family caregivers also kept on smoking -- 25 percent of those caring for lung cancer patients and 20 percent of those caring for colorectal cancer patients, the researchers found.
研究發現，患者的家庭看護人也吸菸的比例更大——25%的肺癌患者看護人和20%的結腸直腸癌患者看護人。

Most of the caregivers were middle-aged females and were often spouses of the patients. In some cases, both the patient and the caregiver continued smoking.
大部分照顧者都是中年婦女，通常是患者的配偶。有時候，患者和照顧者都吸菸。

If family caregivers see the cancer patient quit, they're more likely to quit themselves, Weaver said. But if either the patient or caregiver continues to smoke, it can trigger issues of guilt, stigma or blame, she added.
如果家屬照顧者看到癌症患者不再吸菸，他們就更有可能戒菸，Weaver說。但是如果患者或照顧者一方繼續吸菸，就會引發內疚、歧視或指責，她還說。

Continued smoking increases the likelihood of developing a secondary cancer and can interfere with treatment, the researchers say.
繼續吸菸會增加發生二次腫瘤的風險，而且妨礙治療，研究人員稱。

(恆星英語學習網原創編譯,轉載請註明出處!)Another clinical reason to stop smoking, said Dr. Norman H. Edelman, chief medical officer of the American Lung Association, is that chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) usually accompanies lung cancer, making it more difficult to breathe. Continued smoking exacerbates COPD, he said.
美國肺臟協會首席醫療官Norman H. Edelman教授說，另一個戒菸的臨牀理由是慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）通常伴隨着肺癌，使呼吸更加困難。繼續吸菸會使COPD惡化，他說。

Also, research has suggested that nicotine may be a co-promoter in generating lung cancer, so continual exposure to nicotine might work against chemotherapy treatments, Edelman said.
研究同樣表明尼古丁也是患上肺癌的共同推動者，所以繼續吸菸對化療不利，Edelaman說。

Given that more than 80 percent of some 200,000 lung cancer cases diagnosed annually in the United States are smoking-related, he said the complex dynamics of why so many smokers don't quit needs to be better understood.
由於美國每年診斷的20萬肺癌案例中超過80%跟吸菸有關，他說這麼多吸菸者不戒菸的複雜動力需要得到更好的理解。

Even patients highly motivated to stop for good often need substantial support, he added.
即使患者非常積極想永遠戒菸，往往需要大量的支持，他說

Weaver said the stressful period following diagnosis of lung cancer can create a "teachable moment" for physicians, nurses and other health care professionals to discuss smoking cessation with the patient and family members, and offer encouragement and resources to quit.
Weaver說被診斷爲肺癌的壓力調整期可以建立一個“可教時刻”，讓內科醫生、護士和其他保健專家跟病人和家庭成員討論戒菸並給予鼓勵和提供資源。

(恆星英語學習網原創編譯,轉載請註明出處!)Janine Cataldo, an assistant professor and researcher in physiological nursing and gerontology at the University of California San Francisco, is developing tools that measure the quality of life and impact of social stigma on lung cancer patients who continue smoking.
舊金山加利福利亞大學生理護理學和老年醫學副教授和研究人員Janine Cataldo發明測量生活質量和肺癌患者繼續吸菸受社會歧視影響的工具。

Continued smoking has serious repercussions for lung cancer patients, she said. Patients may develop appetite loss, fatigue, cough or coughing up of blood, pain and poor sleep, said Cataldo. Self-esteem suffers too, and anxiety and depression may also develop, she said.
繼續吸菸對肺癌患者有嚴重的影響，她說。患者會造成食慾喪失、疲勞、咳嗽或咳出血、疼痛和睡眠質量差，Cataldo說。她還說，自尊心也會受挫，變得焦慮和抑鬱。

Cataldo is developing a six-month intervention that focuses on three key components: nicotine replacement therapy to ease withdrawal symptoms; a computerized calling system for monthly phone counseling and weekly follow-up; and creation of a smoke-free home environment.
Cataldo開發一個爲期六個月的干預治療，集中在3個主要部分：尼古丁替代療法減輕脫隱症狀；電腦化呼叫系統每月電話諮詢並每週跟進；創造出一個無煙的家庭環境。

(恆星英語學習網原創編譯,轉載請註明出處!)