巴拿馬文件泄密 多國政要隱祕資產曝光

WASHINGTON — A group of news media outlets published articles on Sunday based on what they said were 11.5 million leaked documents from a Panama law firm that helped some of the world’s wealthiest people — including politicians, athletes and business moguls — establish offshore bank accounts.

華盛頓——週日，多家新聞機構發表了報道，依據是它們所說的從一家巴拿馬律師事務所泄露的1150萬份文件。這家律所幫助世界上最富有的一些人——包括政界人物、體育明星和商業大亨——建立離岸銀行賬戶。

The German newspaper Süddeutsche Zeitung said its reporters had obtained the documents from a confidential source. The newspaper then shared the files with other media organizations, like The Guardian and the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.

德國的《南德意志報》(Süddeutsche Zeitung)表示，此前該報記者從一個祕密信源獲得了這些文件。之後，它將這些文件分享給了包括《衛報》(The Guardian)和國際調查記者同盟(International Consortium of Investigative Journalists)在內的其他媒體機構。

In an article, the investigative journalism organization said the documents revealed the offshore accounts of 140 politicians and public officials, including a dozen current and former world leaders and several individuals with close ties to President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia. The organization said reporters at 100 news media outlets working in 25 languages had used the documents to investigate the law firm, Mossack Fonseca, and its clients, including political figures in countries like Iceland, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.

國際調查記者同盟在其中一篇文章中表示，這些文件披露了140名政界人士和官員的離岸賬戶，其中包括十幾位現任和前任大國領導人，以及數名與俄羅斯總統弗拉基米爾·V·普京(Vladimir V. Putin)關係密切的人士。該機構稱，供職於100家新聞機構、共計採用25種工作語言的記者利用這些文件對這家名爲莫薩克-馮塞卡(Mossack Fonseca)的律所及其客戶展開了調查，包括冰島、巴基斯坦和沙特阿拉伯等國的政壇人物。

It is not illegal in many cases to have offshore bank accounts. But they are used in some instances by wealthy individuals and criminals to hide money and business transactions, and to avoid paying taxes.

在很多情況下，開設離岸銀行賬戶並不違法。但富人與罪犯有時會利用這種方式隱藏資金和掩蓋商業交易，以及用來避稅。

The leak followed a series of high-profile breaches in recent years in which individuals working for governments or companies have amassed internal files and then given them to media organizations. In 2014, Edward J. Snowden, a contractor for the National Security Agency, gave reporters what intelligence officials have estimated was at least 1.5 million documents from the agency. Hundreds of articles have been published based on those documents.

在這些文件泄露之前，最近幾年出現了一系列令人矚目的泄密事件。一些爲政府或企業工作的個人蒐集了內部文件，然後將它們提供給媒體機構。2014年，美國國家安全局前承包商愛德華·J·斯諾登(Edward J. Snowden)給記者提供給了來自該部門的大量文件，情報官員估計其數量至少有150萬份。基於這些文件，記者們撰寫並發表了成百上千篇報道。

The media organizations looking into Mossack Fonseca are expected to publish many more articles based on the new documents in the coming days.

接下來幾天，調查莫薩克-馮塞卡的多家媒體機構有望發表更多基於這些新文件所做的報道。

The firm, which has dozens of offices around the world, has been investigated by law enforcement authorities in several countries over accusations of connections to money laundering.

這家律所在全世界有數十家分支機構，因受到與洗錢相關的指控，它正在被好幾個國家的執法當局調查。

In a lengthy statement provided to The Guardian, the firm said it could not respond to specific questions, but insisted that many of the individuals and companies named in the documents were never clients of Mossack Fonseca. The firm added that in many cases it was “legal and common for companies to establish commercial entities in different jurisdictions for a variety of legitimate reasons.”

該律所在給《衛報》提供的一份長篇聲明中表示不能就某些特定問題做出迴應，但它堅稱，文件中提到的許多個人和企業，從來都不是莫薩克-馮塞卡的客戶。律所還稱，在很多情況下，“企業出於各種正當理由，在不同司法管轄區建立商業實體是合法行爲，也是常見的做法。”

“Our services are regulated on multiple levels, often by overlapping agencies, and we have a strong compliance record,” the firm said.

“我們的服務經常受到職能有重疊的機構的多層監管，我們有很好的合規記錄，”該律所表示。

“In addition, we have always complied with international protocols” to assure “that the companies we incorporate are not being used for tax evasion, money laundering, terrorist finance or other illicit purposes,” it added.

“此外，我們一直遵守國際協議”以確保“我們註冊成立的公司不被用於逃稅、洗錢、恐怖融資或其他非法目，”該律所補充說。

According to the news reports, the documents related to Russia identified several officials with close ties to Mr. Putin, including two of his oldest friends, Sergei Roldugin, a cellist, and Yuri V. Kovalchuk, the principal shareholder of Bank Rossiya, a financial institution that has come under sanctions by the United States as the “cashier” of officials in the Kremlin.

據新聞報道，與俄羅斯有關的文件提到幾名與普京有密切關係的官員，其中包括他的兩位老朋友：大提琴家謝爾蓋·羅爾杜金(Sergei Roldugin)和俄羅斯銀行(Bank Rossiya)的主要股東尤里·V·科瓦利丘克(Yuri V. Kovalchuk)，這家金融機構因是克里姆林宮官員的“出納”已受到美國的制裁。

The reports said Mr. Putin’s friends and associates had channeled $2 billion through a complex, deliberately convoluted network of offshore companies. Mr. Putin’s name appears on none of the records for the companies or the transactions, but Bank Rossiya and Mr. Roldugin do.

報道稱，普京的朋友和夥伴蓄意通過一個錯綜複雜的離岸公司網絡將20億美元輸出國外。普京的名字並沒有在任何公司或交易記錄上出現，但文件上有俄羅斯銀行和羅爾杜金的名字。

Mr. Roldugin acknowledged in an interview with The New York Times that he owned a share of Bank Rossiya, which he acquired in the 1990s, but offered few details about an investment that made him, on paper at least, a very rich man.

羅爾杜金在接受紐約時報記者採訪時承認，他擁有俄羅斯銀行的股份，那是他在20世紀90年代購買的，但沒有提供有關細節，這筆投資至少讓他在紙面上成爲一個非常富有的人。

“I’ve got an apartment, a car and a dacha,” he said. “I don’t have millions.”

“我有一套公寓、一輛汽車和一個鄉間別墅，”他說。“我沒有上百萬的錢。”

According to the disclosures, Mr. Roldugin holds similar shares of other companies, including an advertising firm founded by another close associate of Mr. Putin’s, Mikhail Y. Lesin, who was found dead in a hotel in Washington last fall.

根據泄露的信息，羅爾杜金在其他公司持有類似的股份，其中一家是普京的另一名親信米哈伊爾·Y·列辛(Mikhail Y. Lesin)創辦的廣告公司，列辛去年秋天被發現在華盛頓的一家酒店死亡。

Last week, the Kremlin’s spokesman, Dmitri S. Peskov, preemptively denounced the articles published on Sunday. He warned that the consortium had prepared an “information attack” against Mr. Putin and his associates, and described the articles as “an undisguised paid-for hack job.”

上週，克里姆林宮發言人德米特里·S·佩斯科夫(Dmitri S. Peskov)先發制人地譴責了週日發表的文章。他警告說，國際調查記者同盟準備對普京及其夥伴發起“信息攻擊”，並把文章描述爲“赤裸裸的僱傭文人行徑”。

The revelations also touched Ukraine’s president, Petro O. Poroshenko, who was elected in the aftermath of the political upheaval in the country in 2014 that led to the annexation of Crimea and open conflict with Russia in eastern Ukraine.

泄露的材料中還提到烏克蘭總統彼得羅·O·波羅申科(Petro O. Poroshenko)，他是於2014年烏克蘭政治動盪之後當選的，那次政治動盪導致克里米亞被兼併，以及在烏克蘭東部與俄羅斯發生公開衝突。

Mr. Poroshenko, a tycoon with assets in television and a chocolatier before his entrance into politics, pledged to divest himself of his holdings but instead moved the assets into an offshore company in the British Virgin Islands, according to the consortium’s reporting. It said that Mr. Poroshenko, who has received political support from the United States, had not disclosed the arrangement.

波羅申科步入政壇之前是擁有電視臺資產和巧克力工廠的大亨，他曾承諾要處理掉自己擁有的股份，但據國際調查記者同盟的報道，他只不過把資產轉移到了一家在英屬維爾京羣島註冊的離岸公司。報道說，波羅申科並未披露過這種安排，他有來自美國的政治支持。

The documents also contained information about how some foreign leaders used foundations and companies in Panama to anonymously own mining companies and real estate, according to the consortium.

據國際調查記者同盟，泄露的文件中還包含了某些外國領導人如何利用基金會和公司在巴拿馬匿名擁有礦產和房地產的信息。