高二人教英語語法知識點
英語是高中生學好高中的重要組成部分，學好直接影響着高中三年的成績。接下來本站小編爲你整理了高二人教英語語法知識點，一起來看看吧。
一、不定式做主語：
1、不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動作。===動名詞doing表示習慣的，經常的動作。
e.g:Tofinishthebuildinginamonthisdifficult.
Todosuchthingsisfoolish.
Toseeistobelieve.(對等)
注:1).不定式作主語時,謂語用單數
2).當主語較長，謂語較短時，常用it做形式主語，而將不定式放到謂語的後面。
it做形式主語，不定式放在謂語動詞之後常用於下列結構中：
(1)Itis/was+adj.+…
(2)Itis+adj.+forsb.+todo…
Itiseasy/difficult/hard/foolish/unwise/right/wrong/unnecessary
(3)itis+a+名詞+todo...
Itisapity/apleasure/apleasantthing/one’sduty/anhonor/ashame/acrime/noeasyjob…todo
Ittakes(sb.)sometime/courage/patience…todo…
Itrequirescourage/patience/hardwork…todo…
*注意:probable和possible均可作表語，但possible可以用不定式作真實主語，而probable不能用不定式作真實主語。
Itisprobableforhimtocometothemeeting.(錯)
Itispossibleforhimtocometothemeeting.
Itispossible/probablethathewillcometothemeeting.
二、不定式做表語
主語是以aimdutyhopeideaintentionplanjobsuggestionwishpurposetask等爲中心詞的名詞詞組或以what引導的名詞性從句表示，後面的不定式說明其內容,不定式作表語常表示將來或現在的動作或狀態。
eg:Myideaistoclimbthemountainfromthenorth.
Yourmistakewasnottowritethatletter.
WhatIwouldsuggestistostartworkatonce.
三、動詞不定式作賓語
以不定式結構爲賓語的動詞有：
ask,agree,care,choose,demand,decide,expect,fail,help,hope,learn,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,want,wish等只能用動詞不定式作賓語
口訣(接不定式作賓語的動詞)
想要學習早打算(wantlearnplan)
快準備有希望(preparehopewishexpect)
同意否供選擇(agreeofferchoose)
決定了已答應(decidebedeterminedpromise)
盡力去着手做(manageundertake)
別拒絕別假裝(refusepretend)
失敗不是屬於你(fail)
efusedtolendmehispen.
Wehopetogettherebeforedark.
Thegirldecidedtodoitherself.
*注意:某些及物動詞可用-ing也可用動詞不定式作賓語但意義不同的有
stopgoonrememberforget
regrettrymeancan’thelp
beusedto
高二人教英語語法知識點：過去分詞做狀語Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
Well-known for their expertise, his parents’ company …..
Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.
Exhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep.
過去分詞作狀語：過去分詞作狀語時，說明動作發生的背景或情況，其等同於一個狀語從句。vt 過去分詞作狀語時與主句主語構成被動關係，表示被動和完成，vi 過去分詞表示狀態或動作的完成。
Heated , water changes into steam .
The professor came in, followed by a group of young people .
1 作原因狀語，等於as / since / because 引導從句
Moved by what she said ,we couldn’t help crying . = ( As we are moved by what she said …
2 作時間狀語，等於when 引導時間從句，如果分詞表示的動作與謂語的動作同時發生，可在分詞前加when/ while / until 等使時間意義更明確。
When heated , water can be changed into steam .
Seen from the hill ,the park looks very beautiful .= ( When the park is seen from the hill…
3 作條件狀語等於 if / whether 引導從句
Given more attention , the cabbages could have grown better .= ( If they have been given more attention ….
Compared with you , we still have a long way to go = ( If we are compared with you …
4 作方式或伴隨狀語
The actress came in , followed by her fans .
She sat by the window , lost in thought .
5 作讓步狀語
Much tired ,he still kept on working .=(Although he was tired ,) he ….
6 獨立主格結構： 當分詞的邏輯主語不是主句主語時，分詞可以有自己獨立的邏輯主語，這種結構稱爲獨立主格結構。常用來表示伴隨情況。
The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat .
All things considered ,your article is of great value than hers .
Rewrite with proper conjunctions
Example : United we stand, divided we fall.
If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divided,we will fall.
1 Asked what had happened, he told us about it.
→When he was asked what had happened, …
2 Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.
→Because he was well known for his expert advice, …
3 Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.
If we were given more time,
4 Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.
Once it was translated into Chinese,
5 Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.
Because she was deeply interested in medicine,
6 Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.
Although he was left alone at home,
現在分詞與過去分詞作狀語
現在分詞作狀語時，與其邏輯主語之間是主動關係，;而過去分詞與其邏輯主語之間則表示被動關係。
Seeing these pictures, I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing . Seen from the top of a thirty-storeyed building, Beijing looks more magnificent. (see)
選擇現在分詞還是過去分詞，關鍵看主句的主語。如分詞的動作是主句的主語發出，分詞就選用現在分詞，反之就用過去分詞。例如：
Used for a long time, the book looks old.
由於用了很長時間，這本書看上去很舊。
Using the book, I find it useful.
在使用的過程中，我發現這本書很有用
注意:1.系表示主語所處的狀態
_____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. ( lose)
______ in white, she looks more beautiful.( dress)
be lost in
be dressed in
be interested in
be devoted to
be supposed to? be caught in the rain
be seated in
be prepared for
be determined to
2.不與主語保持一致的固定結構
generally speaking 一般說來
strictly/ frankly speaking 嚴格地說/坦白地說
judging from 從…判斷
all things considered 從整體來看
taking all things into consideration 全面看來
例如：Judging from his face, he must be ill.從他的臉色看，他一定是病了。
Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.
總的來說，狗比豬跑得快。 (speaking 不是dogs 的動作)
Practice
1. Complete each sentences using the P.P. of the right verb.
build frighten trap follow shoot see examine
1 ________ by noises in the night, the girl no longer dared to sleep in her room.
2 The lady returned home, ________ by two policemen.
3 After having been _________ carefully, the room was locked again.
4.______ in 1949, the exhibition hall is over 50 years old.
5 _____ from a distance, the Opera House looks like ship sails.
6 If _____ in a burning building, you should send for help.
7 Although ______ in the leg, he continued firing at the police.
高二人教英語語法知識點：主謂一致1、以單數名詞或代詞、動詞不定式短語作主語時，謂語動詞要用單數;主語爲複數時，謂語用複數。(最基本的)
2、由and或both……and連接的並列成分作主語時，謂語動詞用複數。
但並列主語如果指的是同一人、同一事物或同一概念，謂語動詞用單數。
3、由and連接的並列單數主語之前如果分別由each, every, no修飾時，其謂語動詞要用單數形式。
4、主語是單數時，儘管後面跟有 but ,except, besides, with ，as well as ，together with ，along with，like 等引導的介詞短語時 ，謂語動詞與前面的主語一致。
注意：主語和謂語之間插入了分詞短語，謂語要與主語保持一致。
5、一些只有複數形式的名詞，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主語時，謂語動詞要用複數。
6、集體名詞family, class, team, group 等看作整體時，謂語動詞用單數;看作每一個成員時，謂語動詞用複數。
7、 當表示國家，城市，人名，書名，報紙，雜誌，及組織機構等的專有名詞做主語時，作爲整體，謂語動詞用單數形式。
The New York Times is reading all over the United States . 《紐約時報》
8、 news ，maths，physics ，politics等詞貌似複數，實爲單數，其謂語動詞用單數.
9、“the +形容詞”(如the poor ，the rich ，the young， the old ， the dead ，the sick，the brave 等)作主語，謂語動詞往往用複數
10、表時間、距離、價格、度量衡等的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞通常用單數。
11、由連詞not……but……, or, either……or, neither……nor, not only…but also,等連接的並列主語，如果一個是單數，一個是複數，則謂語動詞按就近一致原則，與最靠近它的主語一致。(這個就是就近原則)
12、There be句型、以here開頭的句子謂語動詞和靠近的主語一致。
13、a number of後面加複數名詞或代詞，其動詞用複數形式;但the number of後面加複數名詞或代詞時，其謂語用單數。
14、在定語從句中主語是關係代詞who , that , which , 謂語動詞的數應與先行詞的數一致。
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