雅加達“不堪重負” 印尼總統決定遷都

由於人口密集、地面下沉，印度尼西亞首都雅加達近年來愈發“不堪重負”。印度尼西亞總統佐科•維多多於8月26日正式宣佈國家遷都計劃，新都落址在婆羅洲東加里曼丹省。

A jungle-covered area on the east of Borneo island is set to be transformed into Indonesia's new capital city.

印度尼西亞新首都將落址在婆羅洲島東部一片叢林覆蓋的地區。

Concerns over the sustainability of the congested and rapidly sinking political center of Jakarta prompted the need for a new capital. The relocation was announced Monday by President Joko Widodo.

印尼首都雅加達過於擁擠，且迅速下沉，人們對其可持續性發展充滿擔憂，因此遷都計劃提上日程。印尼總統佐科•維多多在本週一宣佈了這一計劃。

根據規劃，印尼新首都將在2020年到2021年間“破土動工”，並將於2024年左右將政府機關陸續遷入。

The proposed location, near the relatively underdeveloped cities of Balikpapan and Samarinda, is a far cry from the crowded powerhouse which has served as Indonesia's financial heart since 1949 -- and Widodo acknowledged that moving the country's capital to the island will be a mammoth and expensive undertaking.

新首都選址位於相對不發達的巴釐巴板和沙馬林達附近，與1949年以來一直是印尼金融中心的擁擠大都市雅加達相去甚遠。維多多承認，遷都至該島將是一項龐大而昂貴的工程。

a far cry from：與……有很大差別

mammoth['mæməθ]：adj.巨大的，龐大的；艱鉅的

But Jakarta's rapid expansion in recent years has presented myriad environmental, economic and safety concerns, prompting the government to look elsewhere and ease the strain on the massive metropolis.

但近年來雅加達的快速擴張引發了環境、經濟和安全等種種擔憂，促使政府將目光投向別處，緩解這座大都市的壓力。

myriad ['mɪrɪəd]：adj.無數的；種種的

"As a large nation that has been independent for 74 years, Indonesia has never chosen its own capital," Widodo said in a televised speech, AFP reported. "The burden Jakarta is holding right now is too heavy as the center of governance, business, finance, trade and services."

據法新社報道，維多多在電視講話中說：“作爲一個已經獨立74年的大國，印尼從未選擇過自己的首都。作爲行政、商業、金融、貿易和服務中心，雅加達目前承受的負擔太重。

The ambitious project to move the capital will likely cost around 486 trillion rupiah ($34 billion), cnn Indonesia reported, and officials have previously said the relocation could take around 10 years.

據美國有線電視新聞網印尼頻道報道，這一雄心勃勃的遷都計劃或將耗資約486萬億印尼盾（約合人民幣2442億元）。印尼官員此前曾表示，遷都可能需要大約10年。

據報道，印尼政府將負擔其中19%的費用，其餘資金來自“政府和社會資本合作”(PPP)模式和私人投資者。

Jakarta is home to more than 10 million people, according to the United Nations, with an estimated 30 million in the greater metropolitan area -- making it one of the world's most overpopulated urban regions.

聯合國數據顯示，雅加達有1000多萬人口，大都市區估計有3000萬人口，是全球人口最密集的城市地區之一。

It's also one of the fastest-sinking cities on Earth, according to the World Economic Forum, dropping into the Java Sea at an alarming rate due to over-extraction of groundwater.

根據達沃斯世界經濟論壇的數據，雅加達也是全球下沉速度最快的城市之一，由於地下水的過度開採，它以驚人的速度沉入爪哇海。

據報道，目前該市約40%的部分甚至已經處於海平面以下。

The city sits on swampy ground and hugs the sea to the north, making it especially prone to flooding.

雅加達坐落在沼澤地，北面緊靠大海，極易發生洪水。

swampy ground：沼澤地，低溼地

A worsening air pollution crisis, exacerbated by near-constant traffic congestion on its roads, has grown so dire that some residents sued the Indonesian government in July.

道路上常年的交通堵塞使不斷惡化的空氣污染危機變得非常可怕，一些居民在7月份起訴了印尼政府。

《雅加達郵報》稱，新都城落成後將主要作爲印尼的“行政中心”，而雅加達仍然是國家的商業和經濟中心，央行及其他重要商業機構均不隨政府機構遷址。

No name has been given for the new site, but the government originally announced plans to relocate the capital in April. The move requires parliamentary approval to be given the go-ahead.

印尼政府目前尚未公佈新都選址的名稱，但是政府最初在4月份宣佈了遷都計劃。該計劃需要得到議會的批准才能進行。

Indonesia owns the majority of Borneo, the world's third-largest island, with Malaysia and Brunei each holding parts of its northern region. The island is covered in vast rainforests, but it has been hit by rampant deforestation in recent years.

印度尼西亞擁有世界第三大島嶼婆羅洲的大部分領土，馬來西亞和文萊各擁有婆羅洲北部的部分領土。該島覆蓋着大片熱帶雨林，但近年來受到了猖獗的森林砍伐的嚴重影響。