2020年，是什麼在偷走你的時間？我們又該如何找回它？

最近Glassdoor網站的一項民意調查發現，79%的美國僱員都表示，比起漲薪，他們更希望多點時間上的福利。由於2020年的封鎖政策以及企業的線上轉型，我們之中許多人的時間觀念已經改變了。哈佛商學院的艾希禮·惠蘭斯認爲，以下四種方法可以讓我們充分利用時間。

If you feel that your perception of time has changed recently, you are not alone.
如果你覺得最近自己的時間觀念發生了變化——你不是一個人。

Ottawa’s Christina Chenard is one of those folks whose sense of time has been revamped, and it has changed her life for the better.
常駐渥太華的克里斯蒂娜·切納德也覺得自己的時間觀念發生了改變，並且這個轉變讓她的生活變得更好了。

Before the pandemic, the director of alumni and donor relations for Carleton University, said she used to run around like a headless chicken: rising extremely early, getting two kids off to daycare, navigating traffic and then zigzagging around campus for meetings much of the day, before coming home to “collapse and start all over again.”
克里斯蒂娜·切納德是卡爾頓大學管理校友及捐贈者關係的主任。她說，在流感大流行之前，她常常像一隻無頭蒼蠅一樣到處亂跑。每天起得非常早，把兩個孩子送到託兒所，在繁忙的車流中穿梭，一天中的大部分時間都在校園裏轉來轉去參加各種會議，最後回到家“整個人癱倒，然後第二天又重複同樣的生活”。

Now she works mainly from home, and time is opening up. Chenard sleeps more, commutes less and spends more quality time with her family.
現在她主要在家工作，時間也越來越寬裕了。切納德休息的時間更長了，也省了些通勤的時間，和家人共度的歡樂時光更多了。

“What works for me is setting up blocks of time when I’m just not available for work, like when I’m with family or doing things around the house,” Chenard said. “I never would have done that before.”
切納德說：“對我來說，給自己規定一些不能工作的時間段是很奏效的，比如當我和家人呆在一起，或者在家裏做些什麼事情的時候。以前的我是絕不會那麼做的。”

Similar calibrations are being felt around the globe.
其實全球人民都在經歷着類似的改變。

For example, a survey from jobs site Glassdoor found that 79% of U.S. employees say they would prefer more time-related benefits over a pay raise – including vacation days (37%), paid sick days (32%) and a flexible schedule (30%).
例如，就業網站Glassdoor的一項調查發現，79%的美國僱員都表示，比起漲薪，他們更希望多點時間上的福利。這種福利包括假期（37%）、帶薪病假（32%）和靈活的日程安排（30%）。

“This moment has made us all more attuned to things that are truly important in life, and changed our relationship to work,” says Ashley Whillans, an assistant professor at Harvard Business School whose new book “Time Smart: How To Reclaim Your Time & Live a Happier Life” will be released this month. “At the end of the day, time is our most valuable resource, and we can never get it back.”
艾希禮·惠蘭斯是哈佛商學院的助理教授，她的新書《時間的智慧：如何找回時間，過更幸福的生活》將於本月發行。她說：“這個時間點讓我們更加認識到了什麼是人生真正重要的東西，我們與工作的關係也改變了。歸根結底，時間是我們最寶貴的資源，我們再也拿不回來了。”

Put time first in your decision-making, and instead of feeling permanently frazzled and worn out, you will find yourself becoming what Whillans calls “time affluent”.
做決定時，把時間放在第一位，這樣你就會發現自己變得如惠蘭斯所說的那樣“時間富足”，而不是總感到疲憊不堪、筋疲力盡。

Here are four tips to create time affluence from Whillans.
這裏有四個來自惠蘭斯的小建議，可以幫助你實現時間上的富足。

Catalog it
學會做記錄

In any review of your financial life, Job One is figuring out exactly where your cash is going. The same holds true for time.
當你在梳理自己的財務生活時，第一項工作永遠是弄清楚你的錢到底花在了哪兒。對待時間也該如此。

Write down how you are spending your days, down to the minute, and then take a hard look at the results. Presumably, far too much time is being spent on uNPRoductive periods like commutes; scrolling through anxiety-producing news feeds; or doing stuff you really dislike, mainly because you think you have to.
請記錄下你是如何度過每一天的，細化到每一分鐘，然後仔細看看自己寫的東西。想必我們有太多的時間都花在了毫無生產力的東西上，比如日常通勤、瀏覽製造焦慮的新聞推送，或者做自己完全不喜歡的事情，而這些主要都是因爲你覺得自己必須要這麼做。

Buy more time
花錢買時間

Yes, you can essentially fund more free time for yourself, by outsourcing chores you despise – like, say, cleaning your house. It will cost you in monetary terms, but if you can afford it, the effect on your life happiness will be wildly disproportionate.
實際上，你可以通過外包你厭惡的雜事來爲自己買到更多的空閒時間，比如你可以僱別人來打掃你的房子。這樣的確會費一些錢，但如果你能負擔得起，花這點錢其實能極大地提升你生活的幸福感。

Whillans even came up with a metric to quantify that tradeoff: “Happiness Dollars”. For instance, she estimates that outsourcing disliked tasks produces the happiness equivalent of an extra $16,000 in annual household income.
Whillans甚至提出了一個量化這種交易的指標：“幸福美元”。比如，根據她的估計，把不喜歡的工作外包出去帶來的幸福感能等同於家庭年收入增加1.6萬美元。

Reshape your workday
重塑工作日

Making time-first decisions could change what your office life looks like – and with everything in flux right now, your bosses might be more amenable to creative solutions.
把時間放在首位做決定可能會改變你的辦公生活。但現在一切都在變化，你的老闆或許也更願意接受創新性的做事方案。

If your day is clogged with time-sucking meetings, perhaps there are some you could skip. If your office reopens, perhaps you could negotiate working from home a couple of days a week. Multiply those time savings over the course of a year, and you are creating vast amounts of new space in your calendar.
如果你的一整天都被各種耗費時間的會議塞滿了，或許你也可以翹掉一些。如果你的辦公室復工了，或許你也可以協商一週在家工作幾天。放眼一整年，這些節省下來的時間可以讓你的日曆空出大量的新空間。

Leisure time matters
合理利用閒暇

The point of generating more time for yourself is not so you can spend it all playing games on your smart phone or zoning out in front of a TV screen.
爲自己創造更多的時間並非爲了讓你把它完全用來玩手機遊戲，或者在電視屏幕前呆着一動不動。

That is “passive” leisure, and it is fine in moderation – but aim for more “active” leisure that is proven to produce real happiness, like having meals with friends, volunteering, exercising, or engaging in your favorite hobbies.
這些是“被動”休閒，如果能做到適度倒也可以，但我們要爭取更多的“主動”休閒，比如和朋友一起吃飯、做志願服務、鍛鍊身體或者發展你的各項愛好。“主動休閒”纔是被證實能帶來真正幸福感的方式。

“Time affluence doesn’t necessarily require major life changes, like quitting your job or retiring early,” Whillans said. “It can also be about smaller changes around the margins, like how you use the next 30 minutes. Use your hours deliberately, with more intention, and it will have powerful effects on your happiness.”
Whillans說：“時間富足並不一定需要你做出重大的生活改變，比如辭職或提前退休等。它也可以是關於邊際時間的小改變，就比如決定要如何利用接下來的30分鐘。學會有意識地利用你的時間，做任何事都有明確的目的性，這會對你的幸福感產生巨大的影響。”