新規定可能會使中國共乘服務受挫

China's ride-sharing industry has been growing fast in recent years. The largest service there is Didi Chuxing.

中國共乘行業近年來增長迅猛，該國最大的共乘服務商是滴滴出行。

Uber, the American-based service, was Didi's main competitor until August, when it signed a deal to sell its Chinese operations to Didi. The deal is worth about $35 billion.

總部位於美國的優步一直是滴滴的主要競爭對手，直到八月份該公司簽署協議將中國業務出售給了滴滴。這筆交易價值約爲350億美元。

China officially legalized car-sharing services in July. At that time, the Ministry of Transport established rules for such services. Those rules are set to take effect in November.

中國於7月份正式將汽車共乘服務合法化。當時，中國交通部爲這類服務制訂了規定，這些規定將於11月生效。

Now, local governments in a number of Chinese cities have begun proposing their own rules. The proposals would set restrictions on the kinds of vehicles that can be used and who can drive them.

現在，中國很多城市的地方政府已經開始提出當地的規定。這些提案可能會對車型以及司機做出嚴格限制。

The main requirement is that drivers of ride-sharing services and their vehicles be registered. In big cities like Beijing and Shanghai, this means drivers will need to have a permanent household registration. In other cities, such as Shenzhen and Hangzhou, drivers will be required to have a temporary home. In addition, the registered vehicles would have to be sedan models with larger-than-average space inside.

主要要求是共乘服務的的司機和車輛必須登記。在北京和上海這樣的大城市，這意味着司機必須具有常住戶口。在深圳和杭州等其它城市，司機必須擁有臨時住所。此外，註冊車輛必須是內部空間大於平均尺寸的轎車車型。

Didi criticized the local rules in a recent statement. The company said they would force "the vast majority" of its drivers and cars off the road.

滴滴在最近的一份聲明中批評了這些地方規定。該公司表示，這些規定會迫使絕該公司大多數司機和車輛不能上路。

"Millions of online ride-sharing drivers may be about to lose their jobs and paychecks, which would mean millions of families may lose an important income source," the statement said, according to The Wall Street Journal.

根據華爾街日報報道，該聲明稱，“數百萬網絡共乘司機可能即將失去他們的工作和收入，這也就意味着數百萬家庭可能會失去一項重要的收入來源。”

All in all, the local restrictions would be a lot like those for taxi drivers.

總而言之，這類地方限制跟出租車司機面臨的限制會有很多相似點。

Zhao Zhanling is a researcher at the Intellectual Property Center of China University of Political Science and Law. He told VOA the new rules could make all the country's ride-sharing services fail. He said the vehicle size requirements alone could put 80 to 90 percent of drivers out of business.

趙佔領是中國政法大學知識產權中心的研究員。他對美國之音表示，新規定可能會讓中國所有共乘服務公司倒閉。他說，單是車輛尺寸要求就會使80%到90%的司機出局。

According to Didi, less than 10,000 of its 410,000 drivers in Shanghai would meet the permanent household requirement.

滴滴公司表示，該公司在上海的41萬名司機中，只有1萬名司機滿足常住戶口的要求。

One Uber driver told VOA the way the new laws are set up will make it "impossible for me to stay in business." The driver's hometown is near Beijing, in Hebei province. He now works in the Chinese capital during the day and drives for Uber at night.

一位優步司機對美國之音表示，這麼立法將會使得他沒法幹了。這名司機家在北京附近的河北省。他目前白天在北京上班，晚上跑優步。

Zhao Zhanling called the permanent household requirement "unconstitutional" and "in violation of the nation's employment policy."

趙佔領稱常住戶口要求“違憲”，並且“違反國家的就業政策。”

Didi has said ride-sharing services are still new "technological creations" that need to be nurtured.

滴滴稱共乘服務仍然是需要培養的新的技術創新。

The company called on Chinese officials to "give local and non-local residence-holders equal rights to work." It said this will be the only way to provide citizens a more convenient, effective and free transportation system.

該公司呼籲中國官員“賦予當地和非當地居民平等的工作權”。滴滴公司說，這將是爲市民提供一種更方便、有效、暢通的交通體系的唯一途徑。