日常英文中涉及的"性別歧視詞"
In countries like the US and UK, where political correctness and gender equality are a big deal, it’s often difficult to describe women. If you don’t pay close attention, you can come off as impolite, or even worse — if you are a man — a sexist jerk.
在英美等國，政治正確與性別平等都是頭等大事。用正確的詞彙描述女性並非易事，如果你不夠謹慎，輕者將被視爲無禮，重者（如果你是男性）則會被當做歧視女性的蠢貨。Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg’s “ban bossy” campaign intends to show people that it is unfair to use the word “bossy” to describe women who aspire to take up leadership roles at work.
Facebook首席運營官謝麗爾•桑德博格就發起了“禁用‘bossy’（獨斷專橫）”的運動，因爲用這個詞來形容有領導能力的女性並不公平。
In and outside of work life, there are many other words that have sexist undertones. One of these words is “feisty”.
不論是在工作中，還是在生活裏，還有很多英文單詞隱含性別歧視的意味，“feisty（好爭辯）”就是其中之一。
“Feisty” is often used to describe a lively woman with the implication that she is aggressive and gets on people’s nerves.
“Feisty”常用來形容活力四射的女性，但暗含“強勢、令人心煩”之意。UK actress Daisy Lewis plays an out-spoken feminist teacher in the hit TV series Downton Abbey. While Lewis admits her character is courageous and unconventional, she does not want to be described as “feisty”.
英國演員黛西•劉易斯在熱劇《唐頓莊園》中飾演了一位心直口快的女教師，劉易斯認爲自己的角色頗具膽量，並顛覆了傳統觀念，但她並不喜歡用“feisty”來形容這一角色。In a recent interview with UK newspaper Daily Mail, she said: “Feisty? My least favorite word. Have you heard a male character described as feisty? I think not.”
在最近接受英國《每日郵報》的採訪時，劉易斯說：“‘feisty’是我最不喜歡聽到的詞。你有聽說過哪個男人的性格被形容爲‘feisty’麼？我猜沒有吧”Kudos to Lewis who “has uncovered yet another word that shows the vocabulary gender divide and a wider level of everyday sexism,” says a column from UK newspaper The Telegraph.
英國《每日電訊報》在一篇專欄文章中稱讚道：劉易斯又發現了一個帶有性別歧視的詞彙。Feisty
爭強好勝“Feisty”, like “bossy”, is one of these words that once had the same meaning for both men and women, but evolved to mean something usually negative when applied to women. The Telegraph column lists a few of them.
和“bossy”一樣，“feisty”曾同時用於形容男性和女性，含義並無差別，但隨着它更多用於女性之後就含有了貶義。《每日電訊報》的專欄文章還列出了其他一些與之類似的詞語：Ambitious
野心勃勃When applied to men, the word describes a positive trait. But when describing a woman, it becomes a dirty word. Even Madonna, in an interview with Harper’s Bazaar, has said she felt “being openly ambitious [is] frowned upon”.
這個詞用在男性身上時，多含褒義。但用於形容女性時，卻成了難聽的字眼。就連麥當娜在一次接受《時尚芭莎》的採訪時都表示，她認爲“‘野心滿滿’很讓人反感。”Emotional
情緒化Every human being has emotions. While “emotional” can be applied to men, “the word is commonly thrown at any woman who dares mention how she feels, or raises her voice,” says The Telegraph column.
是人都有感情，因此“emotional”也可用來形容男性，但正如《每日電訊報》在專欄文章中所寫，“這個詞通常用來形容女性，只要她們稍微提及自己的感受或是說話聲音大一些（就會被稱爲‘emotional’）”。The word, together with “moody” and “hysterical”, often appear in the “crazy woman” stereotype, says a Time magazine article.
而《時代》週刊的一篇文章也寫道：這個詞還與“喜怒無常”以及“歇斯底里”連用，是形容“瘋女人”的典型詞彙。Being a woman, it is impossible to avoid the “crazy” label, says the Time article: “What even is crazy? A woman who expresses opinions? Am I crazy if I yell? Am I crazy if I act like a leader? Whatever it is, it usually doesn’t refer to any kind of real life mental illness.”
女人似乎總是逃不開“瘋子”這個詞，可是什麼叫“發瘋”？女人發表個觀點？還是她大叫一聲？或者表現得像個領導？不管是哪一種，反正都和現實中的精神病相去甚遠。High-maintenance
金貴難養The “high-maintenance girlfriend” with her manicures and love of shopping is a modern day trope firmly rooted in sexism, says The Telegraph column. A guy may be demanding, but he is never “high-maintenance”.
《每日電訊報》在其專欄文章中寫道：做美甲、愛逛街的女孩子被稱爲“難養的女朋友”，這正體現出當今時代仍然根深蒂固的性別歧視。男孩子也可能有很多花錢的需求，但是他從來不會被形容成“High-maintenance”。Pushy
愛出風頭Closely related to “ambitious” and “bossy”, “pushy” is another word that sums up gender inequality in the workplace.
與“ambitious”和“bossy”相似，“Pushy”也是一個在工作場合帶有性別歧視的詞彙。
